Below are Hindi lessons from the first section. Please browse through the lessons, and if pleased, please visit the Punjab Online sponers to help the production of more lessons.
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| A ah |
Aw aah |
e eh |
eé eeh |
a oh |
å oo |
§ ooo |
| E ay |
Ey ai |
Ao oo |
AO auh |
AN a'n |
A: aa |
|
| k kakaa |
K khakhaa |
g gagaa |
G ghaghaa |
f· ngangaa |
||
| c chachaa |
C chhachhaa |
j jajaa |
J jhajhaa |
\ njanja |
||
| t tataa |
T thathaa |
f dadaa |
F dhadhaa |
x naanaa |
||
| q tataa |
Q thathaa |
d dadaa |
D dhadhaa |
n naanaa |
||
| p papaa |
P phaphaa |
b babaa |
B bhabhaa |
m mamaa |
||
| X yayaa |
r raraa |
l lalaa |
v vavaa |
|||
| S shashaa |
À shashaa |
s sasaa |
h hahaa |
|||
| kæ kakaa |
Kæ khakaa |
gæ gagaa |
jæ zazaa |
fæ dadaa |
Fæ dhadaa |
Pæ fhafha |
Vowels/Consonants
The first 13 letters of the alphabet are vowels while
the rest are consonants.
Transliterations
Because English and Hindi do not have the same exact sounds, the
transliterations are approximate. However, learning good pronunciation,
although at first very difficult, is important and should be learned
from a fluent speaker.
Organization
The Hindi alphabet is conveniently organized. Letters from one
line are sounded basically the same way, the position of the mouth
and tongue is the same for letters on one line. In lines three to six,
the last letter is a nasal.
First & Second Line: Vowels
It is important to distinguish between long and short vowels. For example,
A is equivalent to the English
short 'a' sound. Aw is equal to
the English long 'a' sound.
Third Line: Velars
k, K, g, G are pronounced with the front
of the tongue lying on the mouth's bottom. You should raise the back of
your tongue slightly, closing the throat, and opening it just before sound is
made.
Fourth Line: Pre-Palatals
c, C, j, J are pronounced by bringing
the teeth together with the tongue lying on the mouth's bottom.
Fifth Line: Retroflexes
t, T, f, F are pronounced by bringing
the tip of your tongue to the top of your mouth and flipping it down
without touching the front teeth.
Sixth Line: Dentals
q, Q, d, D, n are pronounced by making
your tongue go just behind the upper teeth. You pronounce
n just like n in English.
Seventh Line: Labials
p, P, b, B, m are pronounced by putting
your lips together.
Eight Line: Semi-Vowels
X, r, l, v are pronounced
like their English counterparts. However, you must roll your tongue
with r.
Ninth Line: Sibilants & Glottal
S, À, s, h are pretty much pronounced
like their English counterparts.
Some Hindi Words
Below are a few two-letter words. Note that with the final letter
of a word, one does not pronounce the inherihent 'a' that goes
with that letter.
| e ih |
s sa |
es = ihs = this |
| G gha |
r ra |
Gr = ghar = house |
| k ka |
r ra |
kr = kar = do |
Vowels
There are thirteen vowels. People rarely use the vowel letter
Z‚, therefore it shall be omitted below.
| Hindi | Transliteration | Example |
| A a (short) |
a | at, another |
| Aw a (long) |
aa | all, father |
| e i (short) |
i | in, India |
| eé i (long) |
ee | sweet, sheet |
| a u (short) |
u | pull, bull |
| å u (long) |
oo | cool, tool |
| E e (long) |
e | may, ray |
| Ey ai (diphthong) |
ai | pair |
| Ao o (long) |
o | go, row |
| AO au (diphthong) |
au | Australia |
| AM o (long) |
o | go, row |
| A: au (diphthong) |
au | Australia |